The Passive Voice

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The theme of our course paper is the Passive Voice. It deals with the general characteristic of the Passive Voice and its usage. The practical part of the paper is based on the material of the scientific literature. It is very important for English learners to know the general characteristic of the Passive Voice since they must realize that the Passive Voice is often applied in the English language.

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INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………..3
CHAPTER I. THE PASSIVE VOICE AS THE GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF THE VERB…………………………………………………………………..5
1.1. Verbal Categories of Voice…………………………………………5
1.1.1. General outline of the Active and the Passive Voice in English…………………………………………………………………5
1.1.2. Semantic and lexical differences……………………………..5
1.2. The General Characteristic of the Passive Voice in English……….7
1.2.1. The formation of the Passive Voice………………………….7
1.2.2. Different kinds of passives……………………………………9
1.2.3. The interaction of the passive voice with modals and perfect tenses……………………………………………………………………9
1.2.4. The usage of the Passive Voice………………………………10
1.2.5. Stative passives……………………………………………..13
CHAPTER II. THE PECULIARITIES OF THE USE OF THE PASSIVE VOICE IN THE SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE…………………………………………..15
CONCLUSIONS…………………………………………………………………22
LIST OF USED LITERATURE…………………………………………………24

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       The Passive Voice can express all the same that the Active Voice expresses and has the same functions in the sentence as the Active Voice has. 

       In combination with different modal verbs the Passive Voice can refer to the present, past and future action; all the more with modal verbs it may express the suggestion, ability, possibility, prediction and deduction in the sentence that is very important for English learners.

       While working up sources of scientific literature we can sum up that in this kind of literature the Passive Voice is used mostly in Present Indefinite and affirmative form and less frequent in the Continuous form.  Also it is hardly to find all kinds of the passive sentences in the scientific literature.

       Thus, the material of the course paper gives better understanding of the theoretical material relating to the Passive Voice in English. And gathering up the practical analysis one can state that now it is easier for us to understand the formation and usage of the Passive Voice in the English language.

       Also, we would like to repeat once more that we, English learners, need to know more about the Passive Voice; in particular we need more information about when and why it is used. 

        

        

 

 

LIST OF USED LITERATURE

    1. Алєксєєва І. О. Курс теоретичної граматики сучасної англійської мови: навчальний посібник. – Вінниця: Нова Книга, 2007. – 328с.
    2. Блох М. Я. Теоретическая Грамматика Английского Языка: Учебник. Для студентов филол. фак. ун-тов и фак. англ. яз. педвузов. – М.: Высш. Школа, 1983. – 383 с.
    3. В. Л. Каушанская. Грамматика английского языка: пособие для студентов педагогических институтов и университетов. 7-е издание. – Москва, 2007. – 319 с.
    4. Хоменко Е. Г. Граматика англійської мови: Навч. посіб. – К.: Знання-Прес, 2003. – 606 с.
    5. Celce-Murcia, Marianne. The Grammar Book. – Boston, 1983. – 428p.
    6. E. I. Morokhovska. Fundamentals of English Grammar. Theory and Practice. – Kyiv: “Vyshcha Shkola”, 1993. – 472 p.
    7. Karaban V. I. and Chernovaty L. M. Practical Grammar of English. – Nova Knyha Publishers, 2005. – 288 p.
    8. L. G. Alexander. Longman Advanced Grammar. Reference and Practice. – Longman Group UK Limited, 1993. – 304 p.
    9. M. A. Ganshina, N. M. Vasilevskaya. English Grammar. – Higher School Publishing House, 1964. – 547 p.
    10. Medicine and the Human Body. Health and Medicine Annual. – United States of America: Grolier Incorporated, 1995. – 1061p.
    11. Murphy, Raymond. Essential Grammar in Use. – Cambridge University Press, 1990. – 259 p.
    12. N. M. Rayevska. Modern English Grammar.  – Kyiv: “Vyshcha Shkola” Publishers, 1979. – 298 p.
    13. The Challenge of Democracy Government in America. Third Edition. – U.S.A. Houghton Mifflin Company, 1992. – 759 p.

       

           

         
 

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